Stored Procedure Performance Tuning In Sql Server – In this article, we will explore in detail the factors that cause SQL Server stored procedures to reset.
SQL Server stored procedures are prepared T-SQL code that can be used repeatedly by database users to perform data manipulation and data definition commands. We can list the following 4 features as advantages of stored procedures that come to mind:
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The primary performance advantage of stored procedures is their ability to reuse compiled and cached query plans. During the first execution of the stored procedure, its execution plan is stored in the query plan cache, and this query plan is used in the next execution of the procedure. However, many factors can reorganize the cached processing query plans and this process is known as reorganizing the stored procedure. There are many advantages and disadvantages to refactoring stored procedures. For example, after an indexing, rebuilding, or statistics update, a stored procedure query plan can be recompiled, and the new plan will often be more efficient. On the other hand, redundant high-repile operations can increase CPU overhead and negatively affect database engine performance.
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In this article we will use the Adventureworks sample database and we will also use sample stored procedures. Through the following query, we can create this sample SQL Server stored procedure.
To monitor SQL Server stored procedure recompilation events we can use Extend Event’s sql_statement_recompile event and this event helps capture when query optimizer executes compilation. command level retranslation. The following query creates a new extended event using the sql_statement_recompile event and fires it immediately.
We can use the View Live Data option to view the data used by the extended event. Expand the Extended Events folder in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and then right-click on the extended event we created.
When we click on the Watch Live Data menu, the Live Data screen will appear. To show only captured events belonging to the Adventureworks database, we’ll filter by database name.
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Indexes are used to improve query performance and may recreate stored procedures after index creation. Now explain this with an example. First of all we will activate the original action plan and then we will execute the sample stored procedure. In the implementation plan we can see a missing index proposal at the top of the implementation plan.
We will right-click on the execution plan and select the option Missing Index Details. Details of the missing index will be displayed in a new query window. We will name the index appropriately and remove the multiline comment marks. Finally, we execute the create index and create the index query.
After creating the index we will follow the same stored procedure. At this point, the stored procedure will be recreated by the query optimizer due to the new index creation. This situation can be seen in detail in the extended event. Specifically, recompile_cause shows the reason for recompiling.
Statistics stores the distribution of column data in a graph, and statistics are also used by query optimizers to estimate the number of rows that can be returned from a query. Changing the data reduces the accuracy of the statistics. At this point, the statistics can update automatically during the query process if the Automatically update statistics option is enabled. Also, statistics can be updated manually. Will cause statistics update operations to be reordered. Now we understand this concept with an example. The following query will insert multiple rows into the SalesOrderDetail table.
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After changing the data, we will follow the same storage method with the same parameters. During the execution of the query, the statistics will be updated so the stored procedure will be recompiled.
The SQL Server Query Storage feature captures and stores executed query execution plans and query runtime execution statistics. Query Regression Report in Query with the top 25 queries with regression performance by various metrics (duration, CPU, I/O, etc.).
The regression query report showed us that our sample stored procedures were using different execution plans and they were working differently. At this point we can associate sample stored procedures with any given execution plan. So the stored procedure will use the same execution plan in every process. First, we select the query plan in the graph that we want to use every time the stored procedure is executed. We click the Force Plan button so that plan will be used every time the stored procedure is executed.
When we force a query plan using a query store to use a stored procedure, the procedure will be reordered on the first execution. The recompile_cause attribute indicates that the query forces the interpretation of the store plan policy change.
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Temporary tables are widely used in stored procedures to store data that is not permanent. When a stored procedure contains a temp table, the query that contains the temp table does not compile and waits until the query is executed for the first time. This property is called deferred compilation. For example, the following query will create a stored procedure to insert some rows into a temporary table. In the first execution of this stored procedure, it will be reset by the optimizer, and in the next execution, it will not be reset.
As we can see the image above clearly shows us that part of the stored procedure where the data is inserted into the temp table is recreated. In some cases, the schema of a temporary table can be replaced by a stored procedure. However, this usage pattern has a drawback because every time the stored procedure is executed it will be reset. Now let’s take an example of how such a problem arises. In the example procedure below, we will first create a temporary table, then add a column.
Extended Events Log all query reorder events and reorder reasons. Adding a new column to the temp table is considered a schema change so the stored procedure has to be recreated in each process.
With the help of SET options we can define the behavior of SQL Server at the session level. Changing the set options will result in the re-creation of the stored procedure. For example, when we set CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL to ON, a string and a resulting NULL value will result in NULL. Now we enable this option inside a sample stored procedure and execute it.
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In this article, we learned about the various factors that cause the recompilation of stored procedures in SQL Server, and we also learned how we can monitor this recompilation using extended events. . The factors are summarized as follows:
East Eric is a SQL Server professional who started his career 8 years ago as a software developer. He is a Microsoft Certified Solutions Expert in SQL Server.
Most of his career has focused on SQL Server database administration and development. His current interests are in database administration and business intelligence. You can find him on LinkedIn.
© 2023 Quest Software Inc. All rights reserved. | GDPR | Terms of Use | Being able to perform confidential SQL performance tuning is an important skill for software teams that rely on relational databases. However, Vital is not the only adjective we can apply to it. Rare also comes to mind, unfortunately.
Perform Database Maintenance, Delete Stored Procedures And Views
Many software professionals think they can leave all RDBMS settings as defaults. They were wrong. In general, the default setting configured with your RDBMS is not the optimal setting. Failure to optimize such settings will result in performance issues that can easily occur.
On the other hand, some programmers believe that while SQL performance tuning is important, only DBAs should do it. They are also wrong.
First of all, not all companies will have someone with the official title of “DBA”. It depends on the size of the company, more than anything else.
But if you have a dedicated DBA on your team, that doesn’t mean you should overwhelm them with tasks that developers can do themselves. If a developer can diagnose and fix a slow issue, there’s no reason why they shouldn’t. However, the word involved here is possible – most of the time, they can’t.
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How do we solve this problem? Simple: We equip developers with the knowledge they need to find slow SQL queries and third-party functionality in SQL Server. In this post, we’ll give you seven tips to do just that.
Before we show you a list of tools you can use to tune SQL performance in your software organization, I think we should define SQL performance tuning.
So what is SQL performance tuning? I’m sure you’ve got an idea, even if it’s a vague one.
In short, SQL performance tuning involves the execution of relational database queries
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