How To Migrate Oracle To Sql Server – SQL Server Migration Assistant (SSMA) for Oracle allows you to quickly convert Oracle database schemas to SQL Server schemas, upload the resulting schemas to SQL Server, and migrate data from Oracle to SQL Server.
To use SSMA, you must first install the SSMA client program on a computer that can access the source Oracle database and the target instance of SQL Server. You must install the extension pack and at least one of the Oracle providers (OLE DB or ADO.NET) on the computer running SQL Server. These components support data migration and replication of Oracle system functions. For installation instructions, see Installing SSMA for Oracle (OracleToSQL).
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To start SSMA, click Start, point to All Programs, point to SQL Server Migration Assistant for Oracle, and then click SQL Server Migration Assistant for Oracle.
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After SSMA is installed, you can use SSMA to migrate Oracle databases to SQL Server. It helps to familiarize yourself with the SSMA user interface before you begin. The following diagram shows the user interface for SSMA, including the metadata explorer, metadata, toolbars, output pane, and error list pane:
To start the migration, you must first create a new project. Then you connect to the Oracle database. After a successful connection, Oracle schemas can be found in Oracle Metadata Explorer. You can right-click objects in Oracle Metadata Explorer to perform tasks such as generating reports that examine SQL Server conversions. You can also perform these tasks using toolbars and menus.
You must also connect to an instance of SQL Server. After a successful connection, the SQL Server database hierarchy will appear in the SQL Server Metadata Explorer. After you convert Oracle schemas to SQL Server schemas, select the converted schema in SQL Server Metadata Explorer, and then synchronize the schema with SQL Server.
After you synchronize the changed schemas with SQL Server, you can return to Oracle Metadata Explorer and migrate data from Oracle schemas to SQL Server databases.
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For more information about these tasks and how to perform them, see Migrating Oracle Databases to SQL Server (OracleToSQL).
Oracle Metadata Explorer displays information about Oracle schemas. Using Oracle Metadata Explorer, you can perform the following tasks:
SQL Server Metadata Explorer displays information about an instance of SQL Server. When you connect to an instance of SQL Server, SSMA retrieves metadata about that instance and stores it in a project file.
You can use the SQL Server Metadata Explorer to select the converted objects in the Oracle database and then synchronize the objects with the instance of SQL Server.
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To the right of each metadata explorer are tabs that describe the selected item. For example, when you select a table in Oracle Metadata Explorer, six tabs appear: Table, SQL, Type Mapping, Report, Properties, and Data. The Report tab contains information only after creating a report containing the selected item. When you select a table in the SQL Server Metadata Explorer, three tabs appear: Table, SQL, and Data.
Changes made in the metadata browser are reflected in the project’s metadata, not in the source or target database.
The project toolbar contains buttons for working with projects, connecting to Oracle, and connecting to SQL Server. These buttons are similar to the commands in the File menu.
Converts selected Oracle objects to SQL Server syntax and then generates a report showing how successful the conversion was.
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Transferred data from Oracle database to SQL Server. Before you run this command, you need to convert the Oracle schemas to SQL Server schemas and then load the objects into SQL Server.
Contains commands for searching and working with text on detail pages, such as copying Transact-SQL from the SQL Details pane. It also contains a Manage Bookmarks option, where you can see a list of existing bookmarks. You can use the buttons on the right side of the dialog box to manage the tags.
Contains the Synchronize Metadata Explorers command. This synchronizes objects between Oracle Metadata Explorer and SQL Server Metadata Explorer. It also contains commands to show and hide the Output and Error List panels, and the Layouts option for managing Layouts.
Contains commands for creating reports and transferring objects and data. It also provides access to the Global Settings and Project Settings dialog boxes.
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The View menu provides commands to change the visibility of the Output pane and the Error List pane: Migrating in either direction between Microsoft SQL Server and an Oracle database? There are some important pitfalls to be aware of…
Leonid has more than 20 years of experience as a cross-platform developer and DBA, with particular expertise in Oracle and SQL Server cross-platform migrations.
“Vendor reliance” is a scary word for many business executives. On the other hand, it is widely understood in the industry that complete “supplier independence” is not achievable. And this is especially true in the case of databases.
The two most popular enterprise RDBMS platforms are Oracle Database and Microsoft SQL Server (for the sake of brevity, in the rest of the article, I will call them “Oracle” and “SQL Server”). Certainly, IBM Db2 competes with Oracle in the increasingly smaller—but still critical in many areas—mainframe platforms. And the rapid development of open source alternatives, such as PostgreSQL, has gained a strong foothold in dynamic environments on low- to mid-level hardware and the Web.
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Is the choice many business executives face when their organizations need a new RDBMS. The final selection is based on several factors: license price, available in-house expertise and past experience, compatibility with existing environments, partnerships, future business plans, etc. change and then the platform must change as well. I know this because during my career I have implemented such migrations twice, once I prepared a transfer feasibility assessment and I worked on the migration of cross-platform functionality this time.
Both Oracle and SQL Server are “old school”, partially compliant ANSI RDBMS implementations. When you leave out the procedural extensions—PL/SQL and Transact-SQL have different syntaxes, but often simply translate between them—and the newer object-oriented future, SQL code can look deceptively simple. And this is a dangerous honey trap.
The two most critical points for any migration project between Oracle and SQL Server (in both directions) are transactions and, closely related, temporary tables, which are a key tool for troubleshooting transaction-scale issues. We also cover nested transactions—those that are within the scope of another transaction—because they are an important part of implementing user security auditing in Oracle. But in SQL Server, auditing user security therefore requires a different approach
Oracle transactions are ambiguous. This means you don’t have to initiate a transaction—you’re always in the transaction. And this transaction is open until you issue a surrender or return statement. Yes, you can explicitly start a transaction, define safe rollback points, and define internal/nested transactions; but the important thing is that you are not “outside the transaction” and should always issue a commit or rollback. Also note that issuing a Data Definition Language (DDL) statement (
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, etc.; in a transaction this can be done via dynamic SQL) creates a transaction in which it is issued.
Unlike Oracle, SQL Server has transparent transactions. This means that unless you specifically initiate a transaction, all your changes are made “automatically”—right away while your statement is being processed, just like any DML statement (
This is the result of differences in data storage implementations – how the data is written to the database and how the database engine reads it.
In Oracle, DML statements modify records directly in the data file. An old copy of the record (or an empty replacement record, in the case of
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) is written to the current restore file, and the exact time of the change is marked in the record.
The statement is issued, it is processed based on the data that was changed before its issuance. If some records are changed
This is how Oracle implements read consistency and non-blocking read/write. This is also the reason why long-running queries on very active transactional databases sometimes go with the nasty ORA-01555 error,
. (This means reusing the return file required by the query for the older version of the record.) This makes the correct answer to the question “How long will my Oracle transaction take?” is “As long as necessary and no longer.”
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The SQL Server implementation is different: the database engine writes and reads directly to/from data files only. Each SQL statement (
) is a transaction unless it is part of a clear transaction that groups multiple statements, allowing changes to be rolled back.
Each transaction locks the necessary resources. Current editions of Microsoft SQL Server are highly optimized to lock only necessary resources, but what is needed is defined in the SQL code—so optimizing your queries is important). In other words, unlike Oracle, SQL Server transactions should be as short as possible, which is why automatic commits are the default behavior.
And which SQL upgrades on Oracle and SQL Server are affected by the difference in their transaction implementations? Temporary tables.
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Although the ANSI SQL standard defines local and global temporary tables, it does not clearly state how to implement them. Both Oracle and SQL Server implement a global temporary system
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